From the beginning of America’s recent recession through the present day, there has been a lot of talk about debt and bankruptcy. Since it is perhaps the clearest way for debtors to get a clean slate and get on with their lives, there is a lot of Chapter 7 bankruptcy information that is helpful to know. Anyone in serious financial trouble, however, should definitely consider seeing a lawyer that specializes in bankruptcy law. That being said, what does Chapter 7 bankruptcy mean for debtors and who can apply for it?
A Chapter 7 bankruptcy is one way of getting clear of insurmountable debts. With a Chapter 7 filing, all property not exempted under federal or state law is subject to liquidation. Those assets are sold to reimburse creditors, and then the remainder of the debts is erased. Under Chapter 7, debtors do not have to repay their creditors under a repayment plan beyond what occurs in the liquidation phase.
As for eligibility, any individual or business entity (including partnerships, corporations, and others) can apply for Chapter 7. Anyone filing for Chapter 7 must have applied for credit counseling at an approved agency (check with a lawyer or the agency itself) up to 180 days before filing. Also, if the debtor has failed to appear at their scheduled bankruptcy hearing or otherwise irked the court 180 days before filing for Chapter 7, they are disqualified. The amount owed to creditors isn’t taken into consideration by the courts, nor does the ability of the individual or business to pay debts at all factor inherently limit filing for this type of bankruptcy.
The government does have ways of determining whether or not people are filing what is called an abusive Chapter 7 claim and actually has the means of paying their debts, but refuses to. This system is called a means test.
The first part of the means test checks to see whether a debtor’s monthly income is above the median for their state of residence. The second part involves a concept called unsecured debt, which means the type of debt that isn’t secured by the creditor with debtors’ assets. Mostly, this applies to credit card debt. If your expenses exceeds 25% of their unsecured debt, then the court presumes that the case is abusive and will probably dismiss it or convert it to a Chapter 13 bankruptcy filing.
A Chapter 13 claim is very different from a chapter 7 claim. Under Chapter 13, a debtor is placed under a five-year repayment plan to his creditors. The amount left over after that period is dismissed under Chapter 7, and no property is liquidated.
However, Chapter 7 is not right for everyone considering filing for bankruptcy. If a debtor wants to keep their collateral or the object of their debt, whether it be their house, car, or business, the safest way to do so is to pursue routes without liquidation. One alternative besides Chapter 13 bankruptcy settling with creditors without the court system.
Whatever a debtor ultimately decides to do, with the Chapter 7 bankruptcy information that is evident, their finances are going to be critiqued heavily. The court system, including Chapter 7 filings, is only meant to benefit trustworthy debtors who want a fresh start.
Anyone in serious financial trouble should definitely consider seeing a lawyer that specializes in bankruptcy law. That being said, what does Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Information and Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Rules mean for debtors and who can apply for it?
